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What is SAF?
SAF is an advanced biofuel designed to power aircraft in a cleaner, more sustainable way than conventional jet fuel. It is derived from renewable feedstocks, such as waste oils, agricultural residues, and even municipal solid waste, making it a critical solution in the journey toward carbon-neutral aviation. SAF reduces lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions by up to 80% compared to fossil-based fuels, significantly lowering the environmental impact of flying without compromising fuel performance.
How is SAF made?
The Hydroprocessed Esters and Fatty Acids (HEFA) process is one of the most widely adopted methods for creating SAF. Through HEFA, raw materials rich in triglycerides, such as waste oils, are refined through a process of hydrogenation. This removes impurities and creates hydrocarbon molecules which are then transformed into molecules matching traditional jet fuel, ensuring high quality and compatibility with existing aircraft engines and fueling infrastructure. HEFA is particularly advantageous because it leverages non-food, waste-derived feedstocks, thereby promoting circular economy practices and reducing pressure on land resources.
Where do the waste oils come from?
In the UK, waste cooking oil is collected from restaurants, food processors, and catering businesses, and then carefully processed to ensure it meets SAF-grade quality. After collection, the waste oil is pretreated to remove contaminants and prepare it for the HEFA process. Once refined, the waste oil is transformed into a SAF blend that can be used directly in aviation. This SAF certificate validates that the fuel supplied was sourced responsibly and produced in a way that minimizes environmental impact.